14 Characteristic Properties
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14 Characteristic Properties

1.  Characteristic properties - something unique that is used to ID a substance, chemical, compound, atom, element, molecule of stuff.

2.  The Lab with indicator works on the pH of a substance.  Acid or Base.

1-----------7----------14

acid        neutral           base

3.  Chemical properties - are about how something chemically reacts.  Indications of a chemical reaction include a change of color, production of a gas (bubbles or odor) or solid, dissolution or heat may be given off or absorbed.

4.  Physical properties have to do with gas, liquids and solids.  When a physical change occurs, heat is added or applied, the substance changes state, but is still the same substance.  Think about ice melting and then evaporating.

5. Substances are solid liquid or gas at different temperatures.

We usually observe matter  at room temperature; 27 degrees C or 78 degrees F This is called a State of matter

6. Malleability: property of a metal with which it can be soft: heating usually increases malleability; malleable

7. Flux: A substance that aids in fusing

8. Melting point: The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.

9. Solder: Material used to join metallic parts.

10. Freezing point: The temperature at which a liquid turns to solid

11. Boiling point: The temperature at which a liquid turns to gas

12. State: What physical form a substance is in (S, L, G)

13. Oxidize: Chemically combining oxygen.

14. Physical change - Atoms & molecules stay the same, but more or less energy cause them to change state.
H2O crystals ------- H2O liquid -------- H2O gas

15. Chemical change - Atoms or molecules rearrange to form new substances
Mg + 2HCL ------- MgCL2 + H2 (gas) 

16. size dependent - a characteristic that Changes according to how much of something you have.

17. Size independent - a characteristic that does not change all the way down to just having one atom or molecule of a substance. Also known as elementary properties --------------- elements.

18. Density- Mass and Volume. How much Matter is pecked into a certain space.

19. Vocab. list- Use this for the word search

Atoms                   Density         Silver          Oxidize             Molecules
Chemical reaction  Expand         Solder        Propane        Physical reactions        Dissolve                Flux              Water         Size dependent   Rust                      
Ballistics                HCL             freezing point      tool marks     Size independent Copper                 Malleability    Iron           Gold                  volume                 
Elements               Observation   Mass         lead                    Methane   
Boiling point          Plumb            Mixture     Melting point       millimeters         
grams                    CC          Cubic centimeter                        Matter

20. Mass of 1cm^3 of water means take the mass of a certain volume.      
Density = Mass/Volume   Ex. 24.3g/25ml = .9 g/ml  
.9g/ml really means .9g of water  
                              1ml of water            

21. Conserved- Conservation of matter. Matter is neither created nor destroyed, so if we add lg + lg you'll always get 2g. Mass is a measure of matter or a way to count atoms or molecules.

22. Buoyancy - how well something floats usually in water. Something can be positively buoyant, negative or neutrally (Just hovers in the Water).

23. Vacuum - If all matter is removed from a space and all there is, is empty space.

24. When does density change?
Solids, liquids and gases have a certain density because matter (atoms and molecules) are a certain distance from each other. the energy they have keeps them at that distance. Two things change it:
A. Heat (which is energy)                                                                                 B. Pressure - which forces them to be closer
C. Standard temperature and Pressure (STP)

25. Substances have a certain attraction. That is, molecules cling together. This determines solid, liquid or gas at room temperature.